What federal act provides protections for health information?

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is the federal act that specifically provides protections for health information. Enacted in 1996, HIPAA is designed to ensure patient privacy and the confidentiality of health information. It establishes standards for the protection of health information and governs the electronic exchange of health data. The act mandates that healthcare providers, health plans, and other entities that handle health information adopt safeguards to secure this sensitive data against unauthorized access and breaches.

HIPAA's provisions include the Privacy Rule, which sets standards for how personal health information can be used and disclosed, and the Security Rule, which focuses on the safeguarding of electronic health information. Together, these regulations work to protect patient rights while allowing the flow of health information necessary for quality patient care and health research. This act is fundamental in promoting trust between patients and healthcare providers, as it allows individuals to understand and manage their personal health information effectively.

In contrast, other acts listed serve different purposes. The Digital Millennium Copyright Act focuses on copyright issues related to digital media; the Sarbanes-Oxley Act pertains to financial disclosures and corporate governance; and the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act addresses bribery of foreign officials and accounting transparency. Therefore, HIPAA is uniquely positioned to provide