Considering threat actors, what does an active attack entail?

An active attack involves direct interaction with the target system or network, which is essential for executing the attack. In this type of attack, the threat actor not only observes the system but engages with it to manipulate, disrupt, or extract sensitive information. This could include actions like sending data, altering system configurations, or attempting to gain unauthorized access.

Active attacks are distinct from passive attacks, which only involve gathering information without altering or interacting with the target system. Proximity to the target system, while potentially beneficial for certain types of attacks, does not inherently define the nature of the attack itself. Misuse of user credentials can be a part of an active attack but is not a complete definition on its own, as it describes a method of carrying out the attack rather than the broader concept of what constitutes an active attack.